KW Economics prepares fraud and tracing analysis for partnership and shareholder dispute cases venued in Maryland: what the loss claim consists of, the records that drive it, and a present value built to Maryland damages rules and venues. Plaintiff and defense.
When a partner or shareholder suspects that distributions, related-party payments, or unrecorded revenue have moved value out of the business, the tracing analysis reconstructs the flow of funds through the ledger and bank records and quantifies the amounts by year and recipient. The economist identifies transactions that fall outside authorized activity, follows them to the entities and accounts they reached, and documents each step so the finding supports an accounting claim, a valuation adjustment, or a damages claim. The results feed the normalizing adjustments a valuation of the interest requires.
Forensic accounting for embezzlement, misappropriation, and financial statement irregularities. The work reconstructs the flow of funds through bank, ledger, and payment records, traces diverted assets to where they came to rest, quantifies the loss for each scheme identified, and documents the evidence trail so it can support a civil claim, an insurance recovery, or a referral to authorities.
The valuation date and the standard of value control the result: a fair value standard may exclude the minority and marketability discounts that a fair market value standard applies, and the gap between the two can be substantial for a minority interest in a closely held company. Normalizing adjustments to owner compensation and related-party dealings often decide whether the business shows earnings to value at all. Where the claim includes diverted profits, the amount depends on how far back the records permit reconstruction and on whether the business's actual results can be separated from market conditions.
Maryland courts now apply a reliability inquiry to all expert testimony: the trial judge asks whether the economist is qualified, whether the method is one the profession has tested and accepted, and whether it was reliably applied to the facts of the case. An economic damages report is written to that standard, with each rate and table traced to its source.
Highest court: Supreme Court of Maryland. Court system: courts.state.md.us.
Federal venues: District of Maryland.
Maryland retains contributory negligence, so in a negligence-based claim any fault on the plaintiff's part is a complete bar rather than a percentage reduction. Prejudgment interest is available as of right on a liquidated contract sum from the date it was due and generally not on unliquidated tort damages. A statutory limit applies to the noneconomic portion of most awards while economic damages are unlimited, so the economist's figure enters the case at its full present value, stated as of a fixed date.
We issue the final report and provide deposition and trial testimony, support for insurance or restitution claims, and rebuttal of opposing accounting analyses.
When a partner or shareholder suspects that distributions, related-party payments, or unrecorded revenue have moved value out of the business, the tracing analysis reconstructs the flow of funds through the ledger and bank records and quantifies the amounts by year and recipient. The economist identifies transactions that fall outside authorized activity, follows them to the entities and accounts they reached, and documents each step so the finding supports an accounting claim, a valuation adjustment, or a damages claim. The results feed the normalizing adjustments a valuation of the interest requires.
Maryland courts now apply a reliability inquiry to all expert testimony: the trial judge asks whether the economist is qualified, whether the method is one the profession has tested and accepted, and whether it was reliably applied to the facts of the case. An economic damages report is written to that standard, with each rate and table traced to its source. Partnership and Shareholder Dispute cases venued in Maryland are heard in the Circuit Court (General jurisdiction; larger civil cases, felonies, equity, domestic relations), with final appeals to the Supreme Court of Maryland. Matters within federal jurisdiction proceed in the District of Maryland.
Maryland retains contributory negligence, so in a negligence-based claim any fault on the plaintiff's part is a complete bar rather than a percentage reduction. Prejudgment interest is available as of right on a liquidated contract sum from the date it was due and generally not on unliquidated tort damages. A statutory limit applies to the noneconomic portion of most awards while economic damages are unlimited, so the economist's figure enters the case at its full present value, stated as of a fixed date. The report presents past and future amounts separately, states every rate and table with its source, and shows the result under the alternatives the other side is likely to argue, so counsel can apply the Maryland rules to a documented figure.
Request a consultation on Fraud & Tracing or call (201) 343-0700. Plaintiff and defense counsel.