KW Economics prepares business valuation for partnership and shareholder dispute cases venued in American Samoa: what the loss claim consists of, the records that drive it, and a present value built to American Samoa damages rules and venues. Plaintiff and defense.
In a partnership or shareholder dispute the valuation turns on the valuation date, the standard of value, and any buyout formula in the operating or shareholder agreement. The economist reviews the agreements to fix those terms, normalizes the financial statements for owner compensation, related-party transactions, and non-recurring items, and values the interest using the income, market, and asset approaches as the facts support. Because a fair value standard may exclude the minority and marketability discounts that fair market value applies, the report states the standard used and can show the result under the alternative so the difference is quantified rather than argued.
Valuation of closely held businesses and ownership interests for shareholder and partnership disputes, divorce, estate and gift matters, and buy-sell disagreements. The work applies the income, market, and asset approaches under the standard of value that governs the matter, addresses discounts for lack of control and marketability where they apply, and documents every input so the conclusion can be tested on cross-examination.
The valuation date and the standard of value control the result: a fair value standard may exclude the minority and marketability discounts that a fair market value standard applies, and the gap between the two can be substantial for a minority interest in a closely held company. Normalizing adjustments to owner compensation and related-party dealings often decide whether the business shows earnings to value at all. Where the claim includes diverted profits, the amount depends on how far back the records permit reconstruction and on whether the business's actual results can be separated from market conditions.
The High Court of American Samoa applies rules of evidence modeled on the federal rules, so expert testimony is examined for the witness's qualification, the reliability of the method, and its application to the facts of the case, with the details of the inquiry for counsel to confirm. A damages report meets that examination by stating each assumption and naming its source, including any mainland benchmark it borrows.
Highest court: High Court of American Samoa, Appellate Division.
American Samoa has no separate supreme court and no local U.S. district court; the High Court exercises limited federal jurisdiction, and other federal matters are generally heard in the U.S. District Courts for the District of Hawaii or the District of Columbia.
In American Samoa the rules on fault allocation and on interest before judgment follow the territory's own code and case law, which counsel confirm for the specific claim. The report therefore separates the sums that were due from the amounts that had to be projected and states each loss as of a fixed date so it can be adjusted to whichever rules apply. Any limit on economic damages under a particular statute is likewise for counsel to confirm.
We issue the final report and provide deposition and trial testimony and critique of opposing valuation reports.
In a partnership or shareholder dispute the valuation turns on the valuation date, the standard of value, and any buyout formula in the operating or shareholder agreement. The economist reviews the agreements to fix those terms, normalizes the financial statements for owner compensation, related-party transactions, and non-recurring items, and values the interest using the income, market, and asset approaches as the facts support. Because a fair value standard may exclude the minority and marketability discounts that fair market value applies, the report states the standard used and can show the result under the alternative so the difference is quantified rather than argued.
The High Court of American Samoa applies rules of evidence modeled on the federal rules, so expert testimony is examined for the witness's qualification, the reliability of the method, and its application to the facts of the case, with the details of the inquiry for counsel to confirm. A damages report meets that examination by stating each assumption and naming its source, including any mainland benchmark it borrows. Partnership and Shareholder Dispute cases venued in American Samoa are heard in the High Court of American Samoa (Trial Division) (Principal general jurisdiction trial court for local civil and criminal matters) and the District Court of American Samoa (Lower local court handling minor civil and criminal matters), with final appeals to the High Court of American Samoa, Appellate Division.
In American Samoa the rules on fault allocation and on interest before judgment follow the territory's own code and case law, which counsel confirm for the specific claim. The report therefore separates the sums that were due from the amounts that had to be projected and states each loss as of a fixed date so it can be adjusted to whichever rules apply. Any limit on economic damages under a particular statute is likewise for counsel to confirm. The report presents past and future amounts separately, states every rate and table with its source, and shows the result under the alternatives the other side is likely to argue, so counsel can apply the American Samoa rules to a documented figure.
Request a consultation on Business Valuation or call (201) 343-0700. Plaintiff and defense counsel.